Mohammad Reza

To establish reference intervals (RIs) for macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) parameters measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in a healthy adult population.

This study investigates rivastigmine and pyridostigmine derivatives as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and evaluates their delivery via

Abstract: Evaluating creativity in large language model (LLM) outputs remains challenging because creativity is multidimensional and human-centered.

With a representative survey of 1214 participants conducted in early 2022, this study investigates the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and marital formation and childbirth dynamics in Iran.

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Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by aberrant stromal-cell behavior, including enhanced invasion, resistance to apoptosis, and sustained cytokine production. Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been linked to these pathological features, emphasizing its association with disease-related cellular phenotypes. Identifying non-hormonal approaches that selectively target endometriotic stromal cells remains an important research focus. In this study, primary endometriotic stromal cell cultures derived from ectopic lesions of women with ovarian endometrioma were compared with primary control endometrial stromal cell cultures from women without endometriosis. Vimentin and CK18 were evaluated in separate flow-cytometry tubes; therefore, the designation of these cultures as stromal cultures is operational and does not imply complete lineage purity. Cells were treated with Salinomycin, and MTT-derived viable-cell/metabolic activity, Matrigel invasion, cytokine secretion, and selected molecular markers related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling, cell-cycle regulation, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated using MTT assays, Transwell assays, ELISA, and quantitative real-time PCR. Salinomycin induced a dose- and time-dependent reduction in MTT signal, with primary endometriotic cultures showing greater sensitivity than control cultures. At the selected experimental concentration, salinomycin reduced the viable-cell/metabolic signal and invasion in primary endometriotic stromal cell cultures and decreased IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. These phenotypic changes were accompanied by increased β-catenin phosphorylation at Ser45, reduced AXIN2, Cyclin D1, and MMP-9 expression, and increased Caspase-3 expression in ectopic cultures. Because MTT alone cannot distinguish reduced proliferation from cytotoxicity or altered metabolism, the findings are interpreted as viability-associated and proliferation-associated responses rather than direct proof of isolated growth arrest. These findings indicate that Salinomycin modulates disease-relevant features of primary endometriotic stromal cell cultures in association with Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related changes and support further mechanistic investigation of this experimental non-hormonal approach.

Primary healthcare personnel (PHCP) play a crucial role in oral health promotion but often lack oral health knowledge and training; evidence comparing smartphone application (SPA) with an electronic booklet (EB) among PHCP remains limited. This study compared SPA with EB for improving oral health knowledge, attitude, practice, and self-care oral health behavior among primary healthcare personnel. A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in Tehran, Iran. Health service units were recruited before randomization and allocated using computer-generated random numbers to SPA or EB for four months. Outcomes were assessed using a validated questionnaire, and GEE compared changes over time between groups. Among 84 clusters, 208 PHCPs were enrolled and 194 completed follow-up. Knowledge, attitude and practice scores increased in both groups, whereas self-care oral health behavior changed little. Between-group changes favored SPA for knowledge (β = 1.37, 95% CI 0.90–1.83; p < 0.001) and practice (β = 5.51, 95% CI 4.18–6.84; p < 0.001), with no significant between-group differences for attitude (β = 0.45, 95% CI − 0.06–0.97; p = 0.086) or self-care oral health behavior (β=−0.09, 95% CI − 0.47 − 0.30; p = 0.665). Compared with EB, SPA-based education may be more effective for improving reported oral health knowledge and practice but not attitude or self-care behavior. Longer-term studies are needed to promote sustainable behavioral change.

Correction to: Electrocatalysis https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-026-01056-7

This comprehensive review article explores the multifaceted effects of fasting on the physical performance and health capacity of travelers during long-duration journeys. As travel becomes increasingly common, understanding the physiological and psychological implications of fasting is crucial for optimizing health outcomes. The review synthesizes existing literature on the physiological adaptations that occur during fasting, including metabolic shifts, energy utilization, and hydration status. Additionally, it examines the psychological effects, such as mood alterations and cognitive performance, which can significantly impact a traveler's experience. The article further discusses adaptation mechanisms that enable individuals to maintain physical performance while fasting, highlighting strategies for effective fasting practices during extended travel. By providing insights into the interplay between fasting, physical performance, and health capacity, this review aims to inform travelers and health professionals about the potential benefits and challenges associated with fasting in the context of long journeys.

Asphaltene deposition poses a significant challenge in gas injection processes for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), as it can severely impede fluid flow and diminish reservoir productivity. This study investigates the impact of injected gas composition, specifically Carbon Dioxide (CO₂), Nitrogen (N₂), and natural gas/Methane (CH₄), on asphaltene onset points and the corresponding amount of precipitation. Our analysis utilized the Peng-Robinson (PR) and Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) Equations of State (EOS), as implemented in the PVTsim Nova software. Simulations were systematically performed on six diverse crude oil samples across seven distinct gas injection scenarios. The results consistently demonstrate that increasing the molar percentage of CO₂ in the injected gas leads to a substantial reduction in asphaltene instability, manifesting as an average 15% decrease in Upper Asphaltene Onset Pressure (UAOP) and, in certain instances, over 50% reduction in the asphaltene precipitation amount. Conversely, the introduction of less polar gases, such as N₂ or CH₄, significantly destabilizes the crude oil, increasing the UAOP by up to 49% in some cases and markedly elevating precipitation levels; for example, an 80% N₂ content in one scenario more than doubled asphaltene precipitation. The present study provides an integrated analysis of asphaltene phase behavior by simultaneously evaluating the asphaltene onset points and precipitation volume. It also examines the fundamental influence of injected gas molecular polarity on asphaltene stability through solubility parameter analysis. These findings offer valuable guidance for the design and optimization of gas injection strategies to minimize asphaltene deposition risks and improve the efficiency and sustainability of EOR operations.